JUSTICIA QUE BONITA PALABRA

Vuelvo a ver la película "Vencedores o Vencidos" relativa a Los Juicios de Nuremberg y rescato este blog del olvido.

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La justicia se representa por una mujer con los ojos vendados, con una balanza en una mano y una espada en la otra.

La justicia (del latín, Iustitia) es la concepción que cada época y civilización tiene acerca del sentido de sus normas jurídicas.

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Se habla de Justicia en forma general, como si fuera única y universal, e igual para todos. No se especifica quienes son TODOS y en que lugares esa justicia es igual para cada persona o personas que forman el conjunto social de ese país, continente o grupo de naciones. 
Ni tan siquiera se considera que la JUSTICIA ha variado sus leyes a lo largo de miles de años, o simplemente de un año para otro.

No hay nada mas ambivalente o adaptable a las circunstancias de un grupo, de una tribu, de una ciudad, de una nación o a nivel global de lo que llamamos "Justicia" y si leemos un poco de historia, antigua o reciente, vemos que nunca ha existido una justicia continuada, igualitaria, universal aplicada con los mismos criterios de "justicia", de equidad, moralidad, y ética a lo largo de los años.
Lo que ayer era ilegal, hoy es legal, o viceversa. La justicia se adapta al gobernante, dictador, rey de turno o junta militar golpista del momento y por supuesto las leyes y los jueces que la aplican lo mismo.

Hoy hay países en los "que es de justicia aplicar la pena de muerte" y en los que se pena el hecho de ser homosexual, o se condena a muerte el adulterio, o la blasfemia. 
En cambio hay otros países, dependiendo de la época que se vive, ninguna de estas circunstancias o formas de comportarse están penadas por la ley de turno.
Luego, justicia?....depende de: Donde, cuando, lugar, gobierno de turno, religión, costumbre, tradición, etc. etc. 
Lo siento pero no creo en esa palabra, bonita si, pero que no dice, al menos para mi, absolutamente nada decisivo o moral.

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Poniendo un ejemplo por todos conocidos me remito a lo ocurrido en la Alemania de los treinta y cuarenta cuando las leyes que habia antes fueron anuladas por los nazis promulgando otras absolutamente diferentes, bárbaras, bestiales, que muchos jueces se aprestaron a obedecer fielmente siguiendo los atroces criterios de los dirigentes del Nacional Socialismo comandados por el dictador Adolf Hitler.
La pelicula "Los Juicios de Nuremberg" trata estupendamente este tema cuando el juicio que nos permite ver es el que se realializó a determinados Jueces de entonces, fieles seguidores y cumplidores de leyes injustas promulgadas por el gobierno nazi de entonces.

Es por esta forma de pensar que no dejo de opinar que la palabra justicia suena bien, es bonita, pero sinceramente no creo que esa justicia sea real ni lo ha sido siempre.
Las leyes se adaptan y luego se dice que se ha hecho justicia. 
Para troncharse de risa, o morirse de pena, dependiendo como se lo tome uno o si le toca sufrirla.
Muchas religiones, cristiana o musulmana, nos dicen que la justicia divina vendrá luego.........ya veremos.

(a veces llego a la conclusión, errónea o no, de que la única justicia entendible es la que dictó "EL CODIGO DE HAMURABI" año 1790 antes de Cristo, aprox.)..."Ojo por Ojo y Diente por Diente"

Hoyuelos de la Sierra - Burgos 

el gatufo

AT WAR.....WHAT TO SAY

These three kids who lived in Madrid district of Tetuan, I came up born when the world was at war. 

Millions of souls lost their lives in the battlefields, in the bombing of cities, in villages, in the death camps, while new beings were born and occupied the vacancies left by millions dead. 

Ironica or ghoulish law of life and death, some leave and others occupy the sites that have left the disappeared. 
Humans procreate destroyed and simultaneously, is what preserves from certain extinction in times of trouble, war and extermination.

Tens of millions of deaths would leave large gaps in the towns and fields of Europe systematically destroyed by even greater catastrophe than the previous one occurred a few years earlier. Convulsive and apocalyptic world plunged into World War II, was the one who came to receive them without them were aware of what was awaiting them. Most, Paquita, born in 1940 when the German army invaded nations and cities in a lightning operation that appears exchange borders and the fate of entire nations in Europe in those years. The girl came into the world recently started a harsh winter decimated starved bodies of millions of hungry Spaniards and numb with cold, year and a half after the end of civil war in Spain.

 

Burgos was and is a glorious and austere land, forger of Castile, thebirthplace of El Cid and other heroes throughout history. 
It is also a land where cold there, with winters that can freeze your blood, and this 1940 in which the little girl was born was particularly cold with large and heavy snowfalls. 

Salas de los Infantes where was born the small town where his parents had established their home that served as a casino, a ballroom and cafeteria. 
Parents married once finished the Civil War on October 12, 1939. 

Survivor war and after years of being in the front fighting, Emiliano, decided that when the time was to wed his girlfriend of years.

He could have lost his life on the front line countless times, it was not so and after five years or more distance relationship decided it was time to start a family and realize their relationship at a wedding held in that city, where would be born the first of his daughters. They were crazy or what? Give birth to a child in such adverse circumstances? Without this, with an uncertain future, a war that was raging in Europe and Spain bloodied and miserable where people fleeing big cities escaping from hunger.

Conscious or not its responsibility, the couple established in Salas felt what all new parents experience, joy, love and joy upon seeing a godita content and beautiful creature that had cost his mother great efforts to parirla. The doctor had to come riding a mule and crossing fields with more than half ameter of snow. It took but was born and bawling like crazy sleepless leaving everyone in the big house they called "The Casino". No one chooses the time of birth and this creature certainly did not choose yours. They awaited him difficult time, hunger and extreme needs in a post - war Spain, surrounded by fighters in Europe, and with great purges carried out by the regime of the victors in the last civil war.


The new father, overwhelmed by his wife circunstacians and weakened by a difficult birth, had the bright idea of calling her family, mother, father and sisters, who lived in a nearby town. 
He thought, naive, her mother and sisters could help the mother thing soon saw was a very unfortunate idea. 

After a few months of living in the big house, I finally had to ask where they were they had come because they were no longer necessary and strains of his new wife with his family, were sounded and everyday.

Here we let this couple age 26, a small, two cats, a maid brought from another burgalés people, a casino regentar and a lifetime ahead to bring more children into the world and live years later in Madrid, the big city capital of a Spain that detracted decades of hardships and shortages that would last until the late fifties. 
US President Dwight D. Eisenhower visited Spain in 1959 diciciembre seeking alliances and put its bases weapons, aircraft and missiles in themiddle of the "cold war" against the Soviet Union.


Franco, eager to be admitted in international forums, opened wide the doors of the nation to new saviors of Europe, Americans who wanted to establish their bases fighting in different parts of the old continent and particularly near several cities Spanish considered strategic for their purposes.

The prevailing contain communism in the Eastern nations under the tutelage of Soviet Russia was a priority, and Spain were opened some international forums forbidden for dictatorial and repressive winner of the civil war Regimen again. 

Bread, milk, American cheese and COCA COLA in exchange for military bases in Torrejon (Madrid), Zaragoza, Rota and some more strategic points."Welcome Mr. Marshall" was the trend in the late fifties early sixties, Americans come with their hands full of gifts, chocolate, margarine and especially COLA COCA COLA AND PEPSI, we open our doors to the new civilization beyond the seas. 

the gatufo

MADRID POSTWAR 1943

   

How many innocent victims are dying throughout the year 1943 without anyone remember them again. 
They are countless hundreds of thousands or millions since the Second World War is in full boom, the extermination of civilians, Jews, Poles, Gypsies and dissidents Nazism remains implacable hundreds of concentration camps and countless cities.  
No one is safe from the bombings, shootings and raids. Soldiers on the front lines fall mercilessly killed by own brothers turned into irreconcilable enemies and the painful history of man repeats again and again anywhere on this planet.
 
However new lives come to this tormented universe plunged into a devastating war that will leave tens of millions dead.  
A small third born in Madrid of the children of Paquita and Emiliano. Marriage has come to the capital in search of a better life for themselves and their offspring. It seems impossible that here in a city that has emerged from a civil war four years ago can be expected any kind of future, and will cost a lot of effort to find it . Paseo Delicias in Madrid, November, cold with fright makes a small Emiliano opens his mouth and utters its first cries. It will be a quiet, good - natured and gluttonous child, although there is not much food to fill their endless appetite.


It will be many months nursing and her mother cast the rest so you will not miss abundant milk that feed him . The will remember nothing of his early years in the basement of a building in central Madrid, an emblematic street with dilapidated buildings of several floors. 
It has been in one where the child is born has something in common with me, in fact I'm even do not remember anything, just what my parents told me many years ago. 
Building Paseo de las Delicias has a lift and the new mother, my mother, tries to care forand clean the stairs and the porch of the big house because occupies his time as caretaker of the property. The salary is miserable but instead occupied housing without paying any rent and that's enough for now.


She, Paquita, not long in such work that does not support and said her husband want tochange housing and care for their three children properly. 
And the little guy has two older sisters that not born in Madrid, but that matters. In a few years they will be as Madrid as his newborn brother. When little is turning four years grab their belongings, the few furniture, mattresses, clothes and utensils and through means Madrid are set in a new home on the outskirts of the capital, in the district of Tetuan that yet in the municipality of Madrid.

If I can remember that child standing on a rickety van, crossing old cobbled cobblestone streets, and all the dishes moving from side to side of the truck. Tetuan and Vallecas are the two supposedly conflicting outskirts of the capital of Spain, but that our little hero does not know, he is delighted with the move, with the trip up that old truck from which is spotting the endless succession of streets a postwar Madrid, plunged into hunger, cold and despair.

What else you remember the little being that I was once the family installed in Tetuan ?.Little really just that life was very hard, there was no bread, toward endless freezing cold winters where snow often covered the dirt streets. 
From the house he heard the streetcars pass down the street Bravo Murillo who kept a paved half. 
Some parts of the road were paved, some not, and the side was often planted land where tables and chairs tables and people took some refreshment in the late afternoon in the hot summers of the Villa.

His grandmother who lived in a small village in northern Burgos came to the house in winter. Cold in the village where he was born the boy's mother was tremendous, and very old and living alone grandmother and was brought to the capital where he was cared forand attended by his young daughter Paquita, the youngest of eleven children . It is the year 1947 the second European war concluded in May 1945 with the surrender of Germany. World hunger and blockade starts for Spain whose dictatorial government was wrong in choosing the Third Reich ally, a consequence of which will make you pay a high price by blocking, isolation and lack of support of any kind. And who will care the regime that happen ?. Nothing at all while perpetuated over decades.

International organizations that were created after World War II were vetted for Spain forty-fifty would be in August when it was accepted the Spanish bid to join UN thanks to the efforts of the US and some Latin American countries. 
Ambassadors had been withdrawn from the Spain of postwar period, no country wanted nothing to do with a fascist government that had supported Hitler and Mussolini. 
Españolitos then paid dearly the fickleness of an aligned to the ideas of National Socialism government. 
But all that mattered neither knew nor a frightened population and cautious after suffering a civil war. The basic need was to eat, find a job, survive until the end of the month and play the lottery seeking the grace of a jackpot.  The newcomer to Tetuan cryo started very young to attend school, he was outside the house, and so the mother did not have to deal with both small breed around. It was not the typical housewife to use, did not fit with the work attributed to women then and now, the servant of a little screamers, and living with a husband who all day worked and went at night tired and not too eager to additional problems. Scolding, beatings on the back, and some slapped occasionally were the usual medicine administered to small then.


There were no problems of ill - treatment because they are not considered as such the sticks supplied by parents, teachers and other educators. 
Little he was happy going to school and learning front early reading, the four rules and some simple arithmetic problem. Some of Geography, little Sciences and it was more than enough. With six or seven read fluently, divided by two figures and was a quiet cryo hand clutching the teacher every time he went to recess. 
Soon he would end this way of life because without knowing how or why he was enrolled to attend another educational institution would not like at all. Family resources were very limited in their forties and early fifties.
  

There was not enough money to afford private school and the boy enrolled him in a public school in the neighborhood. "Torres Garrido" was the name of the institute, whose appearance was neat, bright classrooms crowded with kids of the same sex, men, and a large yard to play at recess. Heating was non existent so you never knew if the cold was greater in the classroom or outside on the patio. Of course the boys were better at recess for very cold it was. Running, playing ball, quarreled with the supervision of a teacher who avoided the punches or kicks viciously administered, rather than fights were seized sown that if insults or dismissive gestures toward the various components of pandas.

Learning is learning nothing, nothing at all, the teacher wrote a sentence on the board and told the forty or fifty guys who copied in her notebook and repeated again and again for one or two hours. Then erased the sentence, he wrote another and back again. 
There was no explanation of any kind, nor review of arithmetic, as three or four simple operations written on the blackboard and copy and resolve them in the respective notebooks. After two hours of class recreational another hour, sandwich if they had brought from home, and again in class a boy coming out and read something he had written. Nothing was paid for attending the school but in practice a small monthly amount demanded would go into the pockets of principal or teachers justifying that amount as reinforcing hours in the studio. 
The result of all this meant that little was forgetting what he had learned in the previous school in front of his house. I forget multiply, divide, and even small notions of geography or science he had received from his beloved teacher José Luis.  
A Emiliano his father or his mother asked him; What are you doing in school ?; And he shrugged not knowing what to say, at the end he confessed, writing and reading, which was no possibility of understanding and the questions or answers were repeated over and over again. 
But you do in class ?, asked him, and he chose not to respond and, he shrugged his shoulders and pursed gesture that was all. This guy seems silly, was the answer to his silence, and as a sign of protest for the public school stopped giving requesting assignment by teaching extra classes. With that paternal attitude began another ordeal for the poor kid, when the director of teaching place asked him again and again the monthly amount of nonexistent remedial classes. Arribas¡, he said, you must already two months.Tell your parents that you get the amount, 25 pesetas, the corresponding monthly payment and note that two installments accumulate.

Two, three, four and keep adding as claiming the cryo amounts to his mother this he said no, I was not paying classes that were useless. 
Your good snacks you metes¡, told the director, for lack of money is not, just look at the loaves of bread you eat loaded with sardines in oil. Tell your parents that just can not go on , and you five months and at any time be in the street without school and without education. 
This was not going to happen, it was all a big scam with teachers underpaid by the dictatorship, trying to compensate for their low wages at the expense of the misery ofothers. An ordeal for the kid who gestated inside a background of rebellion against something he could not understand. Why they not pay, because he had to face this situation, so many questions, which he blames it all. 
His dissatisfaction was embodied in doing nothing during classes, changing cards, teaching new bowling alleys, talking with peers, paper pellets were thrown some other guys. That if the stand and pray before the crucifix, the patriotic song Cara al Sol with the new shirt ..... not missing them taking off the wall hung effigies of Franco and Jose Antonio, brown, discolored with faces few friends watching them severely.

 

Jose Antonio left, the crucifix in the middle and Franco right, of course, were images that accompanied hundreds of thousands of children after the war. The two portraits are equated Jesus Christ, which was creating a reservoir of rebellion and lack of faith to everything that represented, church, faith, crucifix, fascism, dictatorship, phalanx and other stories represented in these three symbols of the war. Plaza de Castilla in Madrid, was colloquially called "the Black Hotel" when Emilianito was passing around. And the reason was an enigma to him. ¿Hotel ?, where the Black Hotel, a hotel is, is saying little, and ¿Black ?. Who would be black.

  If asked about these issues muteness was absolute. So it would be much later, beginning to be a teenager, when their questions were answered by street children. The Hotel del Black was a "whorehouse" during the Republic, and who ran it was black. ¿Whorehouse ?, and that is, the boy asked. Jo, you look silly boy, do not you know what that is ?. So, slowly and nine years he began cryo know the mysteries of sex. Until then children were playing together and scrambled without prejudice to any order, however very soon some girls would no longer go down the street to mingle with the boys and their cliques wouldform part with other girls her age.

With eight years the boy they had taken the institute "Torres Garrido" and had been enrolled in a new school, this time of Friars Jesuits who were in the neighborhood of Chamartin de la Rosa. What's "La Rosa" no one knew why, then disappeared "La Rosa" and was only "Chamartin" for posterity or present. With freezing cold in winter. employed half hour long hike up Bravo Murillo, through "The Hotel of the Black" or Plaza de Castilla, and Matthew Inurria down to the convent school of the Jesuits. At half past eight closed the gate to the site and none went inside. Four, if four,

The fear of being expelled was permanent because it was believed that this school had to be very good to be run and owned by "Jesuit Friars" nothing is further from reality as for the boy, and his companions, as it was a source of unpleasantness and torture administered by his wise and slyly lay teachers, and its director Jesuit father imbued with a spirit of rectitude and rigid discipline. 
What joy to their parents, the child goes to a school of priests, there will teach all subjects well and educate properly. And it's not expensive, it is little more than claimed in the previous institute "Torres Garrido" where  
he forgot everything he knew, he said among them. 

To his daughters they had been taken from a convent school, "The Adorers" located near the house where they lived, for the same reason the boy. Did not learn anything at all, they spent the day praying, they had to go very clean, the collected hair and a pristine uniform.On one occasion in which to Paquita, the mother did not have time to pick them up hair properly, the nuns walked the two sisters by all classes indicating the way had it not go to school convent. Then they were sent home for his mother's comb his hair properly. They did not return to such a place, Convent of "witches , " said the mother. Immediately it had to find them a new school, this time private and pay TV , where he finally began to learn something useful.


Soon nine to ten years began to study what was then called "high school" and for five years or more were subject to the discipline of a secular private school. Very expensive for most pockets, and continues to protest his mother Paquita, who would have to set aside a monthly amount of tasty pesetas for the study of the two girls. Emiliano would be less burdensome, began his high school with eight to nine paying the monthly fee was much lower than that paid by her sisters. Fear is what he feels this cryo eight years old when changing schools again and now have to go to one run by Jesuits. Check In eight thirty at that time the gate is closed.

Distance to travel thirty or forty minutes, the passage of an eight year old boy. 
The time to get up seven fifteen, washed with ice water and running solo. 
Emiliano think you have to make that journey rain or snow, cold or heat, and of course will alone. 
Nothing can do to avoid this challenge. The school to which it is has been a disaster and their parents think that the best option is this school of Jesuits, called "Nuestra Señora del Recuerdo" is located in Chamartin, an annex to Madrid area will soon be a new district of the great city. Eight years and a journey of forty minutes, night closed in winter, cold, rain, and a new school in which unknown to their peers and teachers.

The threat is more than four absences and be expelled immediately. 
Useless to complain, no valid complaints in Madrid fifties. It is October 1952 and this cryo eight years began the journey that will lead you to spend five years internal environment, in a school that will mark you for life. Undoubtedly boarding school, or internal environment at an early age forever says children who go to the no defense, at the mercy of their teachers, good or bad, tempered or violent, educated or illiterate. And there is no possible complaint privileged to attend a school where they are taught or where they are educated that the latter may be more important. Can we educate, what that education ?.


An interesting and complicated question. 
Depends on the time, place, customs, the prevailing religion, system of government, the rights or not to children. 
In 1952 Spain was patriarchal custom, religion was Christian Apostolic and Roman supported by a confessional state, the system of government was a dictatorship, and the rights of children did not exist. 
What could feel a cryo eight years of a similar situation ?. Fear, fear of the unknown, prevention against his new teammates of all ages grouted into a huge courtyard where they blew half an hour for the banter and half in the afternoon.

Cold or heat the yard was forced, no one remained in the classroom and a teacher who had not declared watched abuses of the largest to small. 
But he had. In two different shifts children gathered men from age eight to eleven. Later came the second round with boys from twelve to fourteen or fifteen years old. Older abused young in every conceivable uncouth and underground forms. Shoves, insults, threats, blackmail, were common, not beatings because the teacher watched the blatant aggression. With this educational perspective classes begin, or Calvary, Emiliano will have to go at a very young age of his life.

Alone, helpless, tiny, in a hostile and harsh environment that will mark his life. The winter of 1952 would be tough in many ways for small Emiliano. He will serve nine years in November and on those days the cold of the plateau is felt in frosty mornings and temperate noons. I have cold, think, as you may always say the same. It 's cold, repeat these older, and I wonder, do we not learn that in winter cold and summer heat ?. Go as fast as you can, take a blank mind because you do not know what to expect.  Why bother ?. Worse than it was in the Torres Garrido I will not be here. I hope to pay every month and I do not have to talk about the sandwiches as me breakfast.

Heavy that this man was repeating over and over again always the same. Do not you get tired? And Mom will continue asking me what we do at school ?. I guess I will not say it's good, we'll see. With these thoughts the boy crossed the great square which descampada Plaza de Castilla and call for the wind kept blowing not. The Sierra de Guadarrama summits whitened by the first snow lance oxygen Puntazo that purify the atmosphere of the big city. Also felt the icy wind that accompanies morning to a Madrid aterido, no wood or coal to reduce chronic cold of its inhabitants.
  
The kid is not one of them, bursting with energy to the point that never wears coat, a thick sweater, scarf and gloves made by his mother, and sometimes arranged for her father 'sjacket that usually takes listlessly . He is tall for his age and begins to wear clothes adapted from his father. I do not like, I 'd rather wear something his, own, expressly purchased for, but no money for such luxuries and must reluctantly wear garments uniform his father supplies the Hispano Bank for its position ordinance in it. Wonderful, think, they go from the kids laugh when they see me in such facha. Uniform jacket that looks perfectly my father.

As I can take it off, but where I keep it ?, if I lose my mother killed me. I reached the school gates ten minutes margin. Entro and start to examine the boys that are coming. No where it is my class thinks I'll have to ask. The hubbub is impressive, a teacher and cries out, all the patio, fast, What are you doing in here ?. Form three rows of course, freshman right, to his left in the second row, and so on until the fourth grade. I watch five perfectly aligned rows of smaller height to highest, so I will see you all, that move will charge for the first day of class. Helter - skelter and pushed the boys go out to a huge patio at the rear of the building.
From the cultivated fields, orchards and bottom right the towers of the convent of the Jesuit Friars past few years would be demolished, nobody knows the reason but it would surely be erected pure speculation to exponentially revalue the surrounding grounds are. 
Are formed rows of poorly structured the first as the kids are scared. The other perfectly synchronized exemplifying for newcomers. 
Emiliano is the end of the row, is very high for the average height and looks older than it actually has. You will have trouble for it, but that will be in the near future. To society generated by the Franco dictatorship in the forties, fifties and even sixties, everything seems to be clear and true.
  
Ideas are concise and unmovable: Single mothers are girls or women who are straying apart from society. They are the result of gossips or comidillas when not directly expelled from her parents ' house for being a disgrace to the family. Homosexuality is an aberration that has no place in Christian moral state or customs. Sometimes it is persecuted, denounced and finally sentenced to jail or beatings wisely managed by the social political brigade. Any opinion or idea that apart from Christian doctrine or the glorious National Movement of thirty-six, is banned and persecuted viciously. Political parties are banned and punished its members.
 Spain suffers a Judeo-Masonic conspiracy inspired by the hostile foreign forces of our glorious past and promising future. 
Girls on one side, boys on the other, clearly distinguished and separated the sexes in schools, community halls and even in some recreational events held in small towns in Spain. 
Carnivals prohibited by decree. 
Caesura in all media, film, radio, newspaper and any other newsletter. 
Sex is prohibited by decree. Does not exist. Boys, girls, women and men are asexual beings that only serve to breed and give españolitos the nation. 
Sin exists anywhere, stay alert always recommend small pamphlets distributed in dioceses and social organizations. Holding dancing, kissing, fondling impure, foreign magazines and all explicit symbol of lubricity they are prohibited. 
Unlike rights and obligations between the sexes. The woman's mother, companion and wife, nothing more. Better at home than away from home. 
Girls should learn cooking, sewing, embroidery and lend part of their time in the Compulsory Social Service if you wish to work outside their homes. 
Boys learn to play football, handball or basket ball at most. 
Conscription and military papers for ten, fifteen or twenty years

 Easter any kind of show or divertimento nonreligious are prohibited. Classical music on the airwaves, closed theaters, cinemas with the Passion of Christ or movies Romans, and visits to churches doing the Stations. Processions, Rosaries, Vigils, propitiated and retransmitted to the entire nation. 
Football Bread and Bulls, this is and will be the norm for years. 
The list is endless as befits a self - respecting iron dictatorship. Right - wing dictatorship, copied in many of its rules and ways to leftist Eastern nations, except as religion is concerned. It is a proven truth that extremes meet, right - wing dictatorship or dictatorship left, what differences ?.


Spanish fearful society and accepts past calla apparently lie sotto voce jokes at theexpense of Franco, his wife, the government and priests are counted. 
The Spain charanga and tambourine mentioned by Machado will always be the same, calla, accepts, mutters, and a past civil war that ravaged the tortured land of a nation abandoned to their fate remains terrified. ******** already formed in filases guys expect quiet, something will happen Emiliano thinks, but the wait was very long ago. Half asleep, cold, still, almost shivers and is afraid of being in that unknown to the world.
 
How long have you been ?, do not know, appear suddenly sees a figure in black, thin, spectral nearly as preserved not a single hair on his skull cerulean shining in the dim morning light. He welcomes lists a number of rules in an endless list seems endless.Penalties for breach of such rigid rules seem to always be the same: the immediate expulsion from school without forgiveness options. 
The cryo is overwhelmed, like all the little fellows that are before him. They resemble small recruits to those who already have shouted "rest" for even more relaxed without being "firm" still do not rest at all.
The first rows of the group are moving and it begins to parade path enclosure. Where are we now ?, he asks. Soon it will come into a large space that looks like a hall or chapel, as the front there is an altar with a figure of Christ crucified. Small occupy the front rows, and soon all are being placed in order, from first course to the last in absolute silence. When it is all within begins to hear a murmur gradually more when they start to say hello back, and small look at both sides and exchange names with fellow next door. SILENCIO¡ suddenly heard.
  

WE ARE IN THE HOUSE OF GOD, then added the figure in black, standing before the altar looking at each and every one of the boys. The pierces his blue eyes fixed on each of them, and immediately silence spreads like a spot of oil flooded the room asfixiándoles unable to breathe. This cure is scary, think cryo, and promptly removed his gaze as he does not dare and to look ahead. Figure disappears and then black again placed before the altar despaldas them fortunately wearing appropriate clothing to say mass.

The office, long, perpetual, in which the eyes inadvertently closed until some kid is awakened with a loud slap inflicted by one of the proferos, bald, mustachioed, who cares for the silent herd begins. 
Communion arrives and the kids begin walking in order from the first banks to the back, row after row heading to the altar where forming a row of front waiting to receive the Host.A cryo communicant, in order, from left to right in the row kneeling first and then reverse direction. With the Holy Eucharist in his mouth, joins, he leaves the altar and parallel to another row immediately takes its place. The process is done quickly, despite being only a priest who administers communion, time passes slowly, at least for ten minutes parade stiff, silent children, who kneel and subsequently incorporated with small stretches Host within their respective mouths. 
Emiliano has not confessed, and remains in almost alone and ashamed for not accompany his teammates site. The vast majority if abandoned their seats and have led to the altar, in front and will take await their turn to return by the solitude of cryo much more noticeable.

He is alone, ashamed, helpless, thinks that all eyes are stuck in and at least one if carefully examined while going depositing the Body of Christ within the small mouths of the boys knees waiting for their turn, some tongue like dogs were happy that they will receive their prize. 
Good start, thinks the kid, the first thing you have to do is confess at the first opportunity you have, but who, with that dark figure nailed you on the bench with his gaze. For that remedy, settle inside, I see no other dark shape. Football, bulls, movies and more football was the opium of the people in Spain fifties.


Any event, call or aborted demonstration were based on television broadcast a game, a bullfight or a good movie previously censored, bent and even the dialogues changed if they were political or religious incorrect or inappropriate mind. On May 1, Labor Day, had become the day of San José Obrero, any union demonstration was persecuted first because there were no class unions were the movement, second - based sporting or Bullfights retransmitted, and thirdly spends Armed Police, sometimes on horseback, who looked to repress based truncheon any meeting or unauthorized demonstration by the regime.
  


Slowly "the opium of the people" had ceased to be the religion to become "Spanish Television" that based on football, bullfights, celebrations and festivals, all retransmitted, he had replaced other less visual media. 
Programs, series, game shows, and playback performances, everything was valid to fight any deviation from the official ideology. Forbidden to think, say, manifest, gather in groups of more than six or seven. 
Vagrancy Act anyone who did not have a defined job, a mentality to use, social and religious, Christian, absent from political or vindictive ideologies of any order and try to live without following the rules of coexistence regime.

The class is large, well maintained, no ink smudges on banks and everything looks clean and tidy. Free light passes through the crystals large windows and the atmosphere is warm with the autumn sun. 
I have a kid of my age sitting beside me, two desks are not straight and have already been presented. 
My name is Domingo has said the boy, what 's your name ?. Emiliano, I respond and look into direct eyes. 
I always do look like the eyes of the people, it is the way of trying to guess his thoughts, by the movements of his eyelids, his pupil can become larger or small, if you tell the truth or not. Hands are also very enlightening, and I noticed that the black figure did not move.Usually between he crossed fingers on his stomach and prevents any movement. It's very clever, I think, and it 's sure I'll have time to check it out . It also happens that if I know the person I stared into his eyes, usually know what you're thinking, if something happened, and if there is hostility or pleasure in his eyes. My mother, who has clear eyes, I always read them, moods, if you have had trouble, if you are happy or sad, and that data in my head proceed cautiously to tell or ask you need.

  
Noting either Domingo, for his eyes, the timid gesture of his mouth, and his hands defensively, I conclude that it is a softie. I was lucky, I think, sure we'll be good friends. 
Enter a teacher, we stand up , rigid, pointing to a boy and tells me to pray. Our Father, Hail Mary, Glory and after them tells us to sing. Above the desk is a sheet with several songs, singing today but for tomorrow reading the letters I learned no excuses, they are easy and very instructive. 
Some begin to taste something called "Face to the Sun" without even consulting the letter.I read it at the same time Sunday, and sang softly. I feel ashamed to be singing something neither understand nor do I like, but have to learn that song and two others that follow.One is entitled "Prietas Rows" and the other "Isabel and Fernando , " but more bizarre and absurd situation before starting to sing songs class. I do not even indicate what the letters although it is likely that we then explain them . And so it will be, the teacher appears telling learn a subject called "Formation of the National Spirit" and I do not understand anything. I think I will not start at all well these classes at the Jesuit college, and I have to stay, if not expel me before.

It's a hostile world that surrounds the little kid who sees his child disappears spirituality based shoving, some slap, bad manners and jokes that older peers. Neither teachers refrain from shaking the boys when they please. 
It is the "live and let live", not about being the hardest and surround yourself with your buddies laughing and jokes thanks to spend the weaker and smaller. Usually the norm of the thugs and those who are weaker than anyone. They need to feel powerful group and leave their unsafe aggressiveness emerge. Emiliano is at a disadvantage, is small, not aggressive, but not weak, it never has been nor will there be in the future.

Gradually his character will forge a hard outer layer to be rejecting verbal attacks based on indifference and not follow the established norm. Isolation, go unnoticed, merge into the landscape, that's your tactic and give good results when it has suffered some jokes and push. 
After a few weeks, inadvertently, she has found a friend. 
It is more than year and a half, the good will who live in the same street as the boy. Never before they had possibly found because it is new in the neighborhood. Hereinafter this friend will be your shield that will avoid much of the jokes coming spending her.

It's bigger, it 's ready, occupies the front ranks of the class and imposes respect for his ironic ways. They'll be close friends for many years, the best omens are shaping the future of these children. Friendship, camaraderie and good times together until they pass their teens. Adolescence and sexuality, two factors that increase tenfold the sensitivity of the kids who are approaching puberty and Emiliano is no exception. With nine years all related to sex begins to be interested and has not yet begun to mature.


Never the concept of sin was significant for now everything begins to change and increasingly feel more helpless against the forces of what was then considered "evil" is the "solo sex" pursued and punished with flames hell. 
Horrible and tremebundas stories that were read at Mass or lunchtime all tried the same thing, sin and condemnation, and the terror of dying in sin for committing acts called "impure" was preying on the mood and spirit of small tweens. 
Quietly discussing their sexual discoveries, that if men and women did "that" the act, and not just once to instruct children. They did so on many occasions and was very pleasant.How did? Well, you know, you have to enter the "thing" in women and then, well ... then no one knew for experience was nil. 
Yuck, they commented some, "the thing inside your thing" that can like what ?. It is sure to love, commented the elderly, because when the couple get married and go "honeymoon" are very happy and is therefore called "honey" that has to be very sweet topractice that, sex. 
Gossips and comments of this kind ran from mouth of the kids, seasoned with auto research fondling premature. The thing inside? and how ?, if so squishy little thought small. Squishy little you have it now that you are a kiddies kids, telling them the experts or early bird, you'll see what happens soon after you manipuléis enough. And that as done ?, asked again and again the nine or ten years our carelessness. For that, silence must manipulate, touch, move his hand, and poof occurs. 
With these explanations the cryo not hear anything and the, so far, these issues gave him extreme embarrassment. He did not like to talk about it because with two sisters at home gave her modesty think about those issues of boys and girls. On the street they played together, boys and girls scrambled, although there were exclusive games for boys and other girls.

Otherwise all were considered playmates and sometimes fights or punches were distributed without distinction of any sex. 
At school everything was different, being single guys malicious conversations proliferated by cliques. When a teacher nearby, or the rector is divisive, it immediately changed the tone and the conversation came to light football matches, Real Madrid, or anything else that happened at that time. 
Quietly also they spoke of those who had been expelled for truancy or some other small-great lack punished with immediate expulsion. Speaking at Mass or rosary was accumulating small faults that once summed constituted severe faults. At five also he punished with expulsion and no appeal possible. 
Christmas 1952 would not change anything in the life of the little boy who had just turned nine years approached. Immature, innocent, helpless almost, soon he would develop a spirit of survivor who would accompany him throughout his life. 
For the boy who lived in the fifties and wake his sexuality was all sin, mortal sin, and itwas always necessary to go to confess if he wished to receive the Holy Eucharist. He had to tell in detail how many times had become "impure" groping in thought or wish him inciting such acts, and all this was very embarrassing Emiliano him and humiliating. 

He does not understand the evil of certain acts nor as they could be punished with the punishment of hell. Eternal fire proclaimed in the readings that were made in the Mass, which in a way the others lived and oppressed by the guilt of giving in to the needs of its thriving adolescence. 
Blamed for yielding to the temptation of thinking and enjoy the forbidden, not to confess that he had done, and fear of the possibility of dying in mortal sin. Shame and sins were daily companions for days until a start value, a Saturday morning, he dared to confess to some unknown monk of the convent who came each week. 
In single file they walked the path that separated the building from the Jesuit convent school Chamartin.  There came to hear Mass in the main chapel, confess massively in a dozen or more confessionals and then go in long lines to communion. The father rector did not want to confess, did not want the fearsome monk knew their secrets, which one day and another remained alone in the pew or surrounded by other boys who like attending not receive the Holy Sacrament. The Rector pierced them with his blue eyes look blue that seemed to tell how unhappy she was with them. Unrepentant sinners, repent of your actions and thoughts impure, was the phrase that sent them with their looks, but neither of those Emiliano mobilized to confess to.  

So they were going early and it was decided that the boy started high school despite not having enough for this age. Just turned nine he began preparing what they called "income" that used to prepare ten or more and soon the bad results to advance their studies and keep pace with their peers than larger ones would. 
The child is ready and will advance, no problem to start school at an early age, he said the rector of the cryo parents, and they did.

They agreed that the scheme to be followed by the boy would be internal environment, ie entry at eight-thirty lunch in the school canteen and afternoon out at five if he was not punished or class so the entire output could be delayed one or two hours. 
Discipline within classes in the chapel or the courtyard formed was tight. No conversations, laughter, or even poor posture tolerated. Firm, rest, silence, prayer, more prayer, attention in class and at the lowest slap or reglazo slip in hand, when he was not on his knees in front of the blackboard or even "all kind of knees" and there was no possible claim or protest. Immediate expulsion was always there and nobody dared to cause such retaliation. 
He considered the institution a good school, where children were educated in strict obedience, then morality, religion, and submissive acceptance of authority always present. 
Added layers and layers hidden in the background, insubordination, rebellion, fullness, irreligion, and fear everything out physical punishment or sudden death in sin. In the Madrid district of Tetuan life went smoothly. Work was not lacking even earned a pittance.Nobody had enough with one wage and men toiled to have two or even three jobs to enable them to survive the daily insecurity.


There was no device that improve the housework. In summer the water, home or bulk wine is cooled in a bucket with a piece of ice bought somewhere where sold. The boys were sent to buy a piece the trader started with an ice pick and put it in the bucket that the kids had the effect. Once home they got what he wanted cooled, water bottle, wine and sometimes gas. Occasionally a bottle of beer if visitors were expected. Well wrapped butter, a piece of fruit and little else. The piece of ice lasted several hours sufficient to maintain or cooled as necessary.

Who did not buy ice cooled water within a jug that passed from hand to hand hoisted above the head and mouth to drink opening jet flowing from the spout. He had to be very clever, swallow while the jet filled his mouth trying not ever suck the spout as others went to drink from the jug and have been very unhygienic drinking otherwise. The botijo be had in any workplace, as in offices, construction sites or workshops. 
He had white or brown, always mud to cool the water, clean the offices and sooty fat in the workshops.
The boys and girls of the age of Emiliano always wanted to be in the street playing. No matter the season of the year, if it was cold or hot, if it was raining or chilled, his ideal was leaving home and play whatever. Nothing to do with the atmosphere of the neighborhood which was in the school of the friars. On the street there was talk of all, voices, he sang, he came, bad sounding words were said, the latest findings concerning sex whispered when the girls were not present, exchanged cards, marbles, plates, comics, spinning tops, novelillas, especially stories of the last film he had seen. The West and swordsmen were the favorite among boys, girls preferred to other films and actors were talking about they considered handsome.



Emiliano lived three parallel worlds to which more different, the street, the home, and school. Among them there was no common ground in each of them was a different guy and behaved differently. 
Although sought to be peaceful in all three, not getting into trouble in the street they did not lack their little fights, wars between different kids according to their ages, and sometimes "dreas" with slingshots and stones thrown by hand no shortage. Several times came to his "descalabrao" house by a small stone had struck his skull or face. If so there was no way to hide and then received a tip whip to get into such contests. 
He was happy playing in the street with the boys and girls her age. There was nothing better for him and his sisters while they were small, then once mocitas with its first signs of puberty girls disappeared from the street and began to get ready, get beautiful and show off. 
The fifties were passing without proof that Spain was isolated, that there was no press freedom, or politics, or practically nothing. But what does it matter when you have nine or ten years. 
No really. How cold can spend a few kids in the winter of Madrid when there is nothing to warm up .

Coal was expensive, the wet chips to light the fire, and resources for people living in the fifties very limited. Coal was the nightmare in winter, coal burning hot and icy bones to the marrow. 
There was not that hot, maybe go outside and run, play rescue you take her, the hideout to knock on doors, cops and robbers, in this way the hours passed without thinking of the cold, hunger or deprivation. 
Boys and girls under the age of eleven or twelve years spent their free time in the street, jumping, screaming, playing. Cold and moodiness were locked up in homes where mothers were bemoaning the shortage.
  
Inside the houses, except in the kitchen, the cold was awful and chilblains on the feet or hands was the norm. As they itched and hurt by much toil mothers knitting sweater and wool socks for a husband and children. Chapped hands cold water, scabs hurt quantity and no cream to relieve discomfort. Madrid winters forties and fifties, the lasting, endless, when good weather will be heard continuously comment in shops or street stalls. The match girls selling candy snuff and sitting on wooden chairs in the middle of the street shivering with cold under layers of clothes and some threadbare blankets.

When the kids were getting some "girl or fat bitch" five or ten cents peseta, they ran to buy some candy, chewing gum, ten of pipes or any cigarettes smoked seniors who are hiding from the elderly. They think that these women still for hours, sitting on both sides of the street next to a cinema, fighting with the kids trying to sisarles some candy or gum a little is neglected. In a small basket and they placed their merchandise and selling trinkets would remove a few cents of profit to go wrong living. 
In some other post comics or cheap novels boys and ten cents peseta managed to change some tebeo with which to spend the afternoon were changed, and once read to change some other kid who had renewed its collection by the same procedure. 
The problem was always where to find a "fat bitch" (ten cents) and complete a Saturday afternoon or Sunday. 
Nothing soothed the cold, nothing soothed chilblains, itched and hurt like crazy. 
What to do?. Hold on , just hold on and not complain because the latter was always pissed off older. 
Cold in the cold at school, sometimes cold house in the street fighting was running and playing. What was left us ?. 
Film, continuous session rooms, all crammed into the front row receiving and giving warmth and even luck with the heater on . Enough to feel the glory and repeat movies over and over again in endless sessions of five hours. 

Film, cinema, movies, more movies , everything the body and mind hold off just to be warm and safe.

el gatufo